See bugday on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "búza"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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"word": "борай"
},
{
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"lang_code": "xal",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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"word": "байр"
},
{
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"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "boray",
"word": "борай"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "pări",
"word": "пӑри"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"word": "*pŭri"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"word": "*pŭrai̯"
}
],
"lang": "Old Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*buɣzai̯"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "buğda"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "buğda"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "booday"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "buğday"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "buğday",
"word": "بوغدای"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "buġday, boġday",
"word": "بغدای"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "bugdaý"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "boğdı"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bugʻdoy"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bughday",
"word": "بۇغداي"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"word": "buɣday"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "boyźay",
"word": "бойҙай"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "boday",
"word": "бодай"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "boğday"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "boğday",
"word": "богъдай"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "buday",
"word": "будай"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bidai",
"word": "бидай"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "biyday",
"word": "бийдай"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "buuday",
"word": "буудай"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "buuday",
"word": "буудай"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "bugday"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"roman": "puğday",
"word": "пуғдай"
},
{
"lang": "Shor",
"lang_code": "cjs",
"word": "пуғдай"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Altai",
"lang_code": "atv",
"roman": "bugday",
"word": "бугдай"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "buudaj",
"word": "буудай"
}
],
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],
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{
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},
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"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*buudaï"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *buudaï",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, multiple theories exist.\nComparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic.",
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
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"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bugday",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaynï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaynïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaydan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaygaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaylayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaylïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bugday",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bugday",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:Nugteren 2011",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:tr:Eren",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wheat"
],
"id": "en-bugday-trk-pro-noun-3mwzQzms",
"links": [
[
"wheat",
"wheat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bugday"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "búza"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "boray",
"word": "борай"
},
{
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"lang_code": "xal",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bayr",
"word": "байр"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "boray",
"word": "борай"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "pări",
"word": "пӑри"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"word": "*pŭri"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"word": "*pŭrai̯"
}
],
"lang": "Old Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*buɣzai̯"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "buğda"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "buğda"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "booday"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "buğday"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "buğday",
"word": "بوغدای"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "buġday, boġday",
"word": "بغدای"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "bugdaý"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "boğdı"
}
],
"lang": "East Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "bugʻdoy"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "bughday",
"word": "بۇغداي"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"word": "buɣday"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "boyźay",
"word": "бойҙай"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "boday",
"word": "бодай"
}
],
"lang": "North Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "boğday"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "boğday",
"word": "богъдай"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "buday",
"word": "будай"
}
],
"lang": "West Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "bidai",
"word": "бидай"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "biyday",
"word": "бийдай"
}
],
"lang": "Caspian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "buuday",
"word": "буудай"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "buuday",
"word": "буудай"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Kipchak",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"word": "bugday"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khakas",
"lang_code": "kjh",
"roman": "puğday",
"word": "пуғдай"
},
{
"lang": "Shor",
"lang_code": "cjs",
"word": "пуғдай"
}
],
"lang": "Yenisei Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Altai",
"lang_code": "atv",
"roman": "bugday",
"word": "бугдай"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "buudaj",
"word": "буудай"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*buudaï"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*buudaï"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *buudaï",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, multiple theories exist.\nComparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bugday",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaynï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaynïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaydan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaygaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdayča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaylayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bugdaylïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bugday",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bugday",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:Nugteren 2011",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:tr:Eren",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"trk-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"wheat"
],
"links": [
[
"wheat",
"wheat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bugday"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bugday meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.